My Dinky Note

IPA Indonesian Vowels Chart

with 4 comments

International Phonetic Association had mapped vowel sounds into a chart as seen below. The y-axis represents the lip opening and the x-axis represents the tongue position.

IPA Vowels Chart

It can be seen that there are 28 different vowel sounds. However, in Indonesian, we just use 10 of them, including the allophones. Six ‘primary’ vowels in Indonesian are represented as six phonemes: /a/, /e/, /ə/, /i/, /o/, and /u/. The other four are the allophones: [ɛ] (/e/), [ɪ] (/i/), [ɔ] (o), and [ʊ] (u). Therefore, I can summarize the IPA vowels chart become the IPA Indonesian vowels chart as seen below.

IPA Indonesian Vowels Chart

Example:

• [a]

akan, dua, makan

• [e]

sore, esok, serong

• [ə]

enam, entah, pergi

• [ɛ]

nenek, bebek, tokek

• [i]

gigi, ini, tali

• [ɪ]

banting, kirim, parit

• [o]

toko, roda, biro

• [ɔ]

tokoh, rokok, pojok

• [u]

upah, tukang, bantu

• [ʊ]

warung, ampun, langsung

Related with my final-year project, using this chart, I can approximate the articulatory position and it can make the optimization process faster.

4 Responses

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1. Untuk IPA Indonesian Vowels Chart Mas Arie mendapatkan dari pengambilan data menggunakan Articulograph? Untuk yang konsonan apakah juga ada di Tugas Akhirnya Mas?

   Thanks atas penjelesannya…

   

   Andi Rahmadiansah

   May 4, 2009 at 6:03 am

   Reply
   • Mas Andi, saya tidak melakukan pengambilan data untuk menyusun bagan tersebut. Saya menggunakan bagan fonem vokal dari IPA yang sudah ada, kemudian menghilangkan fonem-fonem yang tidak dikenal dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Demikian juga untuk fonem konsonan, meskipun tidak saya tuliskan di blog ini.

     

     arie

     May 28, 2009 at 4:11 pm

     Reply
2. Hello. Your chart really helps my assignment. Im doing English in American International University Bangladesh (AIUB).but Im an Indonesian. My assignment is comparing English and Bahasa Indonesia in regard of phonetics and phonology of each language. before seeing your chart, i thought bahasa indonesia does not have allophones. but actually it does. so thanks a lot!

   

   hida

   June 22, 2009 at 7:10 pm

   Reply
3. Hello,
   Thanks a lot for posting the chart. I am doing a research for my paper in comparing phonology of Indonesian and English, too. I never knew about allophones until I read this chart. I know you only mentioned 10 of them. What are the rest of allophones?
   Thank you.

   

   Vania

   September 24, 2009 at 10:55 am

   Reply